例句英语

make known

英 /meɪk nəʊn/美 /meɪk noʊn/

动词短语

使知道;公布;表明

核心含义

make known 的核心含义是“使某事被知道”,即把信息传达给他人。它包含两个主要义项:1) 公开宣布或公布某事,使其广为人知,如 make known a decision(公布决定);2) 向特定对象透露或表明某事,如 make known one's intentions(表明意图)。这两个义项都源于“使……被知道”的基本意义,前者强调面向公众的传播,后者强调向个体或小范围传达。引申关系上,从“使知道”这一本义出发,既可指向外扩散信息(公布),也可指向内告知某人(透露)。该短语通常用于正式语境,暗示信息具有重要性或需要被注意。

词源与构词

make 源自古英语 macian,意为“形成、制作”,后引申为“使成为”;known 是 know 的过去分词,know 源自古英语 cnāwan,与拉丁语 (g)nōscere、希腊语 gignōskein 同源,原始印欧词根 *gno- 意为“知道”。make known 的构词逻辑是“使(make)+ 已知的(known)”,即“使某事成为已知状态”。这种“make + 形容词/过去分词”结构在英语中常见,如 make clear、make public。记忆时可联想:把未知的信息“制作”成已知的状态,即“公之于众”或“告知他人”。

使用场景

make known 多用于正式场合。在学术写作中,常用于表述研究结果或观点的公开,如“The findings were made known in the journal.”;在商务邮件中,用于宣布决定或政策,语气正式且礼貌;在新闻报道中,用于引述官方声明或公告;在法律文本中,表示正式通知或披露信息,具有程序性含义;在文学作品中,可用于表达人物表明心迹或公开秘密,带有一定庄重感。日常口语中较少使用,若使用则显得正式或强调。总体而言,该短语语气中性偏正式,暗示信息的公开性和重要性。

句法要点

make known 是及物动词短语,必须带宾语。常见句型为 make known + 名词(如 make known the results)或 make known + that 从句(如 make known that the meeting is canceled)。也可用于被动结构:be made known(如 The news was made known yesterday)。易错点:1) 宾语通常后置,但若宾语较长(如从句),则用形式宾语 it:make it known that...;2) 不能直接接双宾语,需用介词 to 引出对象:make known sth to sb(如 make known the plan to the staff);3) 注意与 make it known 区分,后者中 it 为形式宾语。

词义辨析

make known 与 announce、declare、reveal、disclose 等近义。announce 强调首次公开宣布,常带正式仪式感;declare 侧重官方或权威的郑重声明;reveal 暗示揭露隐藏的信息;disclose 强调披露本应保密的内容。make known 更中性,仅表示使信息被知道,不强调首次性或保密性。在需要突出“使知晓”而非“宣布”时,用 make known 更合适,如“He made known his decision to resign.”(他透露了辞职决定)。而 announce 则更强调对外发布。

需要留意

make known 语域较高,多见于书面语和正式口语,日常随意交谈中较少使用,否则显得生硬。该短语本身中性,无褒贬色彩,但用于公布负面信息时可能带有严肃语气。常见误用包括:1) 误用作不及物,如“The news made known.”(应为 was made known);2) 混淆 make known 与 make it known,后者需接从句;3) 在非正式场合过度使用,导致语气不协调。建议在正式文书、学术论文或商务沟通中使用,日常对话可换用 tell、let someone know 等。

固定搭配

make known a decision
公布决定
make known one's intention
表明意图
make known the results
公布结果
make known to the public
向公众公布
make it known that
明确表示
be made known
被公布
make known one's views
表明观点

实用例句

  • The company made known its new policy on remote work.公司公布了关于远程办公的新政策。
  • He made known his intention to run for mayor.他表明了自己竞选市长的意图。
  • The findings were made known to the public last week.研究结果于上周向公众公布。
  • She made it known that she would not accept the offer.她明确表示不会接受这个提议。
  • The committee made known the details of the investigation.委员会公布了调查的细节。
  • Please make known any changes to your schedule in advance.请提前告知日程的任何变动。